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[Immunomodulatory proteins of orthopoxviruses]
1Institute of Molecular Biology, Vector State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kol'tsovo, Novosibirsk Oblast, 630559 Russia. snshchel@vector.nsc.ru
Abstract:
The review considers recent data on the structural-functional organization of the genome of orthopoxviruses pathogenic for humans, including the variola, monkeypox, cowpox, and vaccinia viruses. Emphasis was placed on the structure of molecular virulence factors that suppress the inflammatory reactions, immune response, and interferon effects induced by virus infection.
Insights
This review examines the genome organization of human-pathogenic orthopoxviruses like variola and monkeypox. It focuses on virulence factors that help these viruses evade immune responses and inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Genomics
- Immunology
Context:
- Orthopoxviruses, including variola, monkeypox, cowpox, and vaccinia viruses, pose significant threats to human health.
- Understanding their genome structure is crucial for developing effective countermeasures.
Purpose:
- To review recent data on the structural-functional organization of pathogenic orthopoxvirus genomes.
- To emphasize the molecular mechanisms of virulence factors that modulate host responses.
Summary:
- The review synthesizes current knowledge on the genomic architecture of human-pathogenic orthopoxviruses.
- It details the structure and function of viral proteins involved in suppressing inflammatory reactions, immune evasion, and interferon antagonism.
Impact:
- Provides insights into viral pathogenesis and host-pathogen interactions.
- Informs the development of novel antiviral strategies and vaccines against orthopoxvirus infections.