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Furrowing in altered cell surfaces.

R Rappaport

    The Journal of Experimental Zoology
    |February 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Cell division can occur even without a normal surface structure. Exovates, or outward cell bulges, formed on fertilized eggs can divide synchronously, indicating surface integrity is not essential for this process.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Developmental Biology
    • Embryology

    Background:

    • Cell division is a fundamental biological process.
    • Understanding the mechanisms of cell division is crucial for developmental biology.
    • The role of the cell surface and subsurface structures in cell division requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of the cell surface and subsurface structures in cell division.
    • To analyze the formation and function of exovates during early embryonic development.
    • To determine if normal surface structure is essential for furrow establishment and cell division.

    Main Methods:

    • Observation of exovate formation in fertilized sea urchin eggs (Arbacia lixula, Paracentrotus lividus, Echinarachnius parma).

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  • Analysis of exovate division when containing the mitotic apparatus at different stages post-fertilization.
  • Examination of cytoplasmic constrictions in damaged exovates.

    • Main Results:

    • Exovates form on the egg surface in response to extreme flattening, involving significant surface expansion.
    • Exovates containing the mitotic apparatus divide synchronously with control cells.
    • Cleavage furrows form rapidly in nucleated exovates after the introduction of the mitotic apparatus.
    • Cytoplasmic constrictions can occur independently of the surface in damaged exovates.

    Conclusions:

    • Normal cell surface structure is not necessary for the establishment and function of cleavage furrows.
    • Subsurface cytoplasmic events play a significant role in initiating cell division.
    • Exovate formation provides a model system to study the mechanics of cell division.