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TBE vaccination and the Austrian experience.

Christian Kunz¹

¹Institute of Virology, University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1095 Vienna, Austria. virologie@univie.ac.at

|March 12, 2003

Summary

Austria

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Area of Science:

Virology
Epidemiology
Vaccinology

Background:

Austria historically faced high tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) morbidity, constituting over 50% of viral meningoencephalitides in some regions.
TBE was recognized as an occupational disease for forest workers and farmers, necessitating disease control measures.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a killed virus vaccine for tick-borne encephalitis (TBE).
To assess the impact of mass vaccination campaigns on TBE incidence in Austria.

Main Methods:

A cooperative vaccine development project initiated in 1971, leading to a commercially available killed virus vaccine.
Mass vaccination campaigns launched in 1981, with ongoing surveillance to monitor TBE incidence and vaccine effectiveness.

Main Results:

The TBE vaccine demonstrated high immunogenicity (>99% seroconversion) and excellent tolerability in adults and children.
Vaccination coverage in Austria increased from 6% in 1980 to over 86% by 2001, with >90% in high-risk areas.
Clinical effectiveness of the vaccine is excellent, with a calculated protection rate of 96-98.7% after three doses. TBE incidence significantly declined, particularly in previously high-morbidity regions.

Conclusions:

Widespread acceptance and high vaccination coverage of an effective TBE vaccine can drastically reduce the public health burden of tick-borne viral diseases.
The Austrian experience demonstrates the feasibility of containing tick-borne viral diseases through vaccination.

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