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Instabilities in slowly driven granular packing.

N Nerone1, M A Aguirre, A Calvo

  • 1Grupo de Medios Porosos, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Paseo Colón 850, 1063 Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|March 15, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Researchers studied granular packing instability using digital imaging. They observed three event types, including power-law rearrangements not typical of critical states, and avalanches triggered by momentum transfer.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics of granular materials
  • Complex systems dynamics
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Granular materials exhibit complex behaviors near instability thresholds.
  • Self-organized criticality (SOC) models predict power-law dynamics in critical systems.
  • Understanding superficial fluctuations is key to predicting granular packing failure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate superficial fluctuations in granular packing under slow driving to instability.
  • To characterize different types of grain rearrangement events.
  • To compare experimental observations with predictions from self-organized criticality models.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a digital imaging technique to monitor granular packing.
  • Slowly drove the granular packing towards its instability threshold.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analyzed superficial grain movements and rearrangements.

    • Main Results:

    • Observed three distinct types of events: small rearrangements, large internal rearrangements, and avalanches.
    • Small superficial rearrangements exhibited power-law behavior, deviating from standard SOC predictions.
    • Large rearrangements occurred at regular intervals in thick piles, linked to contact network relaxation.
    • Avalanches were triggered by momentum transfer from superficial grains to underlying layers.

    Conclusions:

    • Granular packing dynamics near instability involve diverse event types.
    • Observed power-law behavior in non-critical states suggests limitations of current SOC models for granular systems.
    • Momentum transfer is a critical mechanism initiating avalanches in granular flows.