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Competition between the chiral smectic-C* and hexatic phases.

I Rychetský¹, M Glogarová, V Novotná

¹Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague-8, Czech Republic. rychet@fzu.cz

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|March 15, 2003

Summary

This study presents a theory for the smectic-C* to hexatic phase transition, explaining structural changes and anomalies in helical pitch. It details how tilt angle and bond order influence these transitions and dielectric responses.

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Area of Science:

Condensed matter physics
Materials science

Background:

Smectic-C* and hexatic phases are liquid crystal phases with distinct molecular ordering.
Phase transitions between these phases are complex and influenced by various physical parameters.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a theoretical model for the phase transition from the smectic-C* to the hexatic phase.
To investigate the role of Lifshitz terms, elastic energies, and their competition in determining phase behavior.

Main Methods:

A theoretical framework based on free energy calculations.
Analysis of the interplay between elastic energies of tilt angle and hexatic order.

Main Results:

The theory predicts two possible structures: single helicoidal and double modulated solitonlike.

Related Experiment Videos

Competition between elastic energies leads to transformations between these structures.

A decrease in tilt angle and an anomaly in helical pitch are observed at the transition to the hexatic phase.

Dielectric response is dominated by bond-order or tilt-angle phasons near the transition.

Conclusions:

The presented theory successfully explains the observed phenomena in smectic-C* to hexatic phase transitions.
The findings provide insights into the complex behavior of liquid crystals and their phase transitions.