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Nearpoint of convergence: test procedure, target selection, and normative data
Mitchell Scheiman1, Michael Gallaway, Kelly A Frantz
1Pennsylvania College of Optometry, Phiadelphia, 19141, USA. mscheiman@pco.edu
Summary
This study provides normative data for nearpoint of convergence (NPC) break and recovery in adults. It suggests clinical cutoff values for NPC assessment, aiding in diagnosing convergence insufficiency.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Optometry
- Vision Science
Background:
- Nearpoint of convergence (NPC) assessment is crucial for evaluating binocular vision.
- Understanding normative data and diagnostic value of NPC testing is essential for clinical practice.
Purpose of the Study:
- Determine the optimal target for NPC assessment.
- Establish normative data for NPC break and recovery in adults.
- Evaluate the diagnostic utility of red-glass modification and repetition in NPC testing.
Main Methods:
- Evaluated 175 adults with normal binocular vision and 38 with convergence insufficiency.
- Measured NPC using an accommodative target, penlight, and penlight with red/green glasses.
- Assessed NPC via 10 repetitions using a penlight.
Main Results:
- Proposed clinical cutoff values: 5 cm for NPC break and 7 cm for NPC recovery.
- These cutoffs are applicable with accommodative targets or penlight with red/green glasses.
Conclusions:
- Established normative data for adult NPC break and recovery.
- Validated the usefulness of specific NPC test modifications for equivocal cases.