Laser medical instrumentation

In spite of inadequate budgets, significant research and development studies have been made on laser medical instrumentation applications for both diagnosis and treatment. Diagnostic instrumentation includes the laser microprobe for cation microanalyses, cytofluorometry, interferometry, transillumination, holography and acoustical holography, and communications and information handling. Laser investigative surgical instrumentation includes lasers of argon, carbon dioxide, neodymium-YAG, and ruby, which are used as optical scalpels. Advantages of laser surgical instrumentation include precision, color absorption for lasers in the visible light range, and hemostasis.