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Structural genomics of membrane proteins.

Yoshimasa Kyogoku1, Yoshinori Fujiyoshi, Ichio Shimada

  • 1Biological Information Research Center (BIRC), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-41-6 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan.

Accounts of Chemical Research
|March 19, 2003
PubMed
Summary

A new structural genomics program focuses on determining membrane protein structures and interactions. This research aims to develop new techniques for biological and medical applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Structural Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Membrane proteins are crucial for biological processes and drug development.
  • Understanding their structure is essential for elucidating function and interactions.
  • Current methods for membrane protein structure determination face significant challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a comprehensive program for the structural genomics of membrane proteins.
  • To develop and refine techniques for determining the structure of biologically important membrane proteins.
  • To investigate ligand-receptor interactions involving membrane proteins.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a multi-disciplinary approach including electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR).

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  • Employing computer simulations for structural analysis and prediction.
  • Focusing on developing efficient expression, purification, and crystallization systems for membrane proteins.

    • Main Results:

    • A collaborative program involving academic institutions and industry has been initiated.
    • Significant efforts are currently concentrated on optimizing experimental conditions for membrane protein structure determination.
    • The program is being integrated with the human full-length cDNA project.

    Conclusions:

    • The structural genomics program is poised to advance our understanding of membrane protein function.
    • The developed techniques and structural data are expected to yield significant medical and industrial applications.
    • This initiative represents a major step towards the structural elucidation of key biological molecules.