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Facultative sexual reproduction under frequency-dependent selection on a single locus.

Atsushi Yamauchi1, Yukiko Kamite

  • 1Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Kamitanakami Hirano, Otsu 520-2113, Japan. a-yama@ecology.kyoto-u.ac.jp

Journal of Theoretical Biology
|March 19, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Facultative sexual strategies, which produce both sexual and asexual offspring, can invade and dominate populations under frequency-dependent selection. This challenges the traditional view of the evolution of sex.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Population genetics
  • Theoretical biology

Background:

  • The evolution of sexual reproduction is a long-standing question in biology.
  • Asexual reproduction is generally more efficient but carries risks.
  • Facultative sexual strategies offer a potential compromise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically investigate the conditions favoring the evolution of facultative sexual strategies.
  • To understand the interplay between frequency-dependent selection and reproductive strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of a diploid organism with two linked loci.
  • Fitness determined by negative frequency-dependence of genotypes.
  • Simulation of asexual, obligate sexual, and facultative sexual strategies.

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Main Results:

  • Facultative sexual strategies were generally able to invade and increase in frequency.
  • High frequency dependence favored facultative sexual strategies, leading to their exclusive occupation of the population.
  • Frequency-dependent selection promoted obligate sexual strategies over asexual ones, but facultative strategies dominated obligate ones.

Conclusions:

  • Facultative sexual strategies can be evolutionarily successful.
  • The evolution of sex must consider the potential invasion by facultative sexual strategies.
  • Frequency-dependent selection plays a crucial role in the maintenance and evolution of different reproductive strategies.