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Related Experiment Videos

Methimazole and thyroid hormone replacement in broilers.

R W Rosebrough1, J P McMurtry

  • 1Growth Biology Laboratory, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. rosebro@anri.barc.usda.gov

Domestic Animal Endocrinology
|March 19, 2003
PubMed
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Thyroid hormones significantly impact chicken metabolism. Supplementing triiodothyronine (T3) in hypothyroid chickens initially boosted lipid synthesis but later decreased it, showing the thyroid state dictates T3 response.

Area of Science:

  • Animal Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Regulation
  • Nutritional Physiology

Background:

  • Thyroid hormones are crucial regulators of metabolism in animals.
  • The impact of thyroid status on lipid metabolism is complex and can yield conflicting results.
  • Understanding these interactions is key to optimizing animal growth and health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of experimentally induced hypothyroidism and subsequent triiodothyronine (T3) supplementation on hepatic lipogenesis and intermediary metabolism in chickens.
  • To determine how the pre-existing thyroid state (euthyroid vs. hypothyroid) influences the metabolic response to exogenous T3.
  • To elucidate the temporal dynamics of metabolic changes following T3 administration.

Main Methods:

  • Induction of hypothyroidism in 7-day-old chickens using methimazole.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Administration of triiodothyronine (T3) to both euthyroid and hypothyroid groups.
  • Measurement of in vitro hepatic lipogenesis (IVL), feed consumption, growth, hepatic enzyme activities (malic enzyme, ME; isocitrate dehydrogenase, ICD; aspartate amino transferase, AAT).
  • Analysis of plasma hormones (T3, T4, IGF-I, IGF-II) and metabolites (glucose, NEFA, triglycerides, uric acid) at various time points.

    • Main Results:

    • Hypothyroidism reduced hepatic lipogenesis (IVL) and malic enzyme (ME) activity, which were restored by short-term T3 supplementation.
    • Prolonged T3 supplementation paradoxically decreased IVL in hypothyroid birds without affecting ME, while T3 decreased IVL in euthyroid birds.
    • Methimazole decreased plasma T3, T4, uric acid, and IGF-I. T3 supplementation increased plasma NEFA in both groups initially.
    • Metabolic adaptations to T3 occurred rapidly (2-5 days), preceding potential morphological changes.

    Conclusions:

    • The thyroid status of an animal critically determines its response to exogenous triiodothyronine (T3).
    • Rapid metabolic changes occur within days of T3 administration, highlighting the sensitivity of intermediary metabolism.
    • These findings help reconcile apparent discrepancies in lipid metabolism research related to thyroid function.