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Theophylline secretion into breast milk.

A M Yurchak, W J Jusko

    Pediatrics
    |April 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Breast milk can transfer theophylline from asthmatic mothers to infants, potentially causing irritability. However, the infant dose is typically small and unlikely to be harmful.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Neonatal Medicine
    • Pediatric Allergy

    Background:

    • Asthma management often involves theophylline, a medication that can transfer to nursing infants via breast milk.
    • Assessing the safety of theophylline during breastfeeding is crucial for maternal and infant health.

    Observation:

    • An infant exhibited irritability exclusively when the mother consumed breast milk containing theophylline.
    • This observation prompted an investigation into theophylline transfer and its effects on the infant.

    Findings:

    • Pharmacokinetic studies confirmed that theophylline distributes readily into human breast milk.
    • The average milk to serum concentration ratio was approximately 0.7, with milk levels mirroring maternal serum concentrations.
    • Nursing infants typically receive less than 10% of the maternal theophylline dose, relative to body weight.

    Implications:

    • While theophylline transfers to breast milk, the infant's absorbed dose is generally considered inconsequential.
    • Healthcare providers should monitor infants for potential adverse effects, although significant toxicity is unlikely.
    • This study informs clinical decisions regarding theophylline use in breastfeeding mothers with asthma.

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