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Muscle relaxant activity of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. fruit seeds in mice

Hossein Hosseinzadeh1, Mohammad Ramezani, Nazanin Namjo

  • 1Department of Pharmacodynamy and Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 91775-1365, Mashhad IR, Iran. hosseinzagehh@yahoo.com

Journal of Ethnopharmacology
|March 22, 2003
PubMed

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Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses

Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx as...
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Classification of Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

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Peripherally and Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants: A Comparison01:09

Peripherally and Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants: A Comparison

Skeletal muscle relaxants can target the central nervous system [CNS] to reduce muscle tension or act directly at the neuromuscular junction to induce temporary paralysis. These two classes of muscle relaxants are called centrally acting muscle relaxants and peripherally acting muscle relaxants. They differ in their action, mechanism, administration route, and clinical uses.
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Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects01:21

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Unlike...
Relaxation of Skeletal Muscles01:29

Relaxation of Skeletal Muscles

The period of muscle contraction primarily influences the duration of stimulation at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), the presence of free calcium ions in the sarcoplasm, and the availability of energy or ATP to support contractions.
When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, it depolarizes the membrane and opens voltage-gated sodium channels. Sodium ions enter the cell, further depolarizing the presynaptic membrane. This depolarization causes voltage-gated calcium channels to open.