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Thyroid and infertility.

K Poppe1, B Velkeniers

  • 1Academisch Ziekenhuis-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090 Brussel.

Verhandelingen - Koninklijke Academie Voor Geneeskunde Van Belgie
|March 26, 2003
PubMed
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Thyroid autoimmunity, indicated by thyroid antibodies (TPO-Abs), is linked to female infertility and an increased risk of miscarriage during assisted reproduction. Screening for TPO-Abs may help identify at-risk individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Infertility affects 12-14% of couples, with female factors accounting for 35% of cases.
  • Thyroid dysfunction is known to impact fertility and pregnancy outcomes, but its specific link to infertility causes is under-researched.
  • Thyroid autoimmunity, specifically anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-Abs), has been observed more frequently in women with female-factor infertility, particularly endometriosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between thyroid autoimmunity and specific causes of female infertility.
  • To evaluate the impact of thyroid autoimmunity on pregnancy outcomes in women undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART).

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study was conducted to assess the prevalence of TPO-Abs in women with infertility.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Prospective follow-up of infertile women undergoing ART monitored for miscarriage risk.
  • Screening included TSH, free T4, and TPO-Ab levels.

    • Main Results:

    • A significantly increased relative risk of positive TPO-Abs was found in women with female-factor infertility, especially endometriosis.
    • Thyroid dysfunction was more prevalent in women with positive TPO-Abs.
    • Women with positive TPO-Abs undergoing ART had a significantly higher risk of miscarriage after clinical pregnancy.

    Conclusions:

    • Systematic screening for TSH, free T4, and TPO-Abs is proposed for women with female infertility.
    • Pre-ART determination of thyroid antibodies aids in identifying women at risk for miscarriage.
    • Thyroid autoimmunity may contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes through cellular abnormalities or altered thyroid hormone levels during ART and pregnancy.