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Related Experiment Videos

Effect of simulated microgravity on human lymphocytes.

A Bakos1, A Varkonyi, J Minarovits

  • 1Johan Bela National Center for Epidemiology, Microbiological Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.

Journal of Gravitational Physiology : a Journal of the International Society for Gravitational Physiology
|March 26, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Spaceflight alters immune cell function. Simulated microgravity increased apoptosis in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, suggesting programmed cell death contributes to immune changes during space missions.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Space Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Space flight significantly alters astronaut immune system function.
  • Observed changes include modified leukocyte counts, depressed T cell activation, and altered cytokine production.
  • Microgravity is a potential contributing factor to these immune dysregulations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the mechanisms behind altered leukocyte functions in low-gravity environments.
  • To investigate the effect of simulated microgravity on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized NASA's Rotary Cell Culture System (RCCS) for terrestrial microgravity simulation.
  • Separated human PBMCs and exposed them to simulated microgravity.
  • Analyzed cell populations using flow cytometry with fluorescently conjugated antibodies.

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  • Quantified apoptotic processes, hypothesizing their involvement due to observed lymphocyte reduction in spaceflight.

    • Main Results:

    • Simulated microgravity was found to affect human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
    • Earlier experiments showed simulated microgravity significantly increased secreted Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNFalpha).
    • TNFalpha is a known inducer of apoptosis (programmed cell death).

    Conclusions:

    • Simulated microgravity influences immune cell function.
    • Increased levels of TNFalpha suggest that apoptotic processes are involved in immune cell alterations during space flight.
    • Further research into microgravity's impact on immune cell apoptosis is warranted.