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Alexithymia and dream recall upon spontaneous morning awakening
Luigi De Gennaro1, Michele Ferrara, Riccardo Cristiani
1Department of Psychology, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. luigi.degennaro@uniroma1.it
Objective:
The issue of a quantitative and qualitative impoverishment of dream activity in alexithymic subjects was assessed by analysis of the 14-day dream reports of two groups of accurately selected alexithymic and nonalexithymic subjects.
Methods:
Ten alexithymic and 10 nonalexithymic women were selected from a larger sample of 160 undergraduate students. The transcriptions of their audio-recorded dream reports on 14 consecutive morning awakenings were compared with regard to their length and emotional content. Self-ratings obtained from sleep and dream diaries were further considered to assess between-groups differences in dream recall frequency and in the emotional valence, vividness, and bizarreness of dreams.
Results:
Dream recall frequency and mean length of dream reports were lower in alexithymic than in nonalexithymic subjects. There were no significant between-groups differences in emotional valence, vividness, bizarreness, and emotions scored according to the Hall and Van de Castle coding system.
Conclusions:
The results suggest a general difficulty of alexithymics in accessing (recalling) their dreams.