The challenge of pediatric cardiac services in the developing world

Pediatric cardiac services are too expensive for most developing nations. Problems other than cardiac disease take priority when it comes to budget allocations. Poor health infrastructure and referral systems, malnutrition, and the HIV/AIDS pandemic aggravate the situation, and the increasing economic divide is threatening what services do exist. We highlight how the practice of pediatric cardiac surgery in South Africa compares with first-world standards and outline some of the problems faced by pediatric cardiac services in developing nations.