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[Vancomycin resistant enterococcal infections and detection of their resistance genes]
1Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine.
Abstract:
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci(VRE) is a troublesome pathogens causing nosocomial infections worldwide. VRE infections or colonization occur mainly in immuno-compromised patients and in the course of antimicrobial treatment for other nosocomial infectious diseases. VRE are classified into 6 types by their resistance genes and of these types, both VanA and VanB type VRE are significantly important in clinical situations. Susceptibility tests for VCM and TEIC are often useful in the phenotypic screening for differentiating VanA from VanB type VRE. However, detection of the resistance genes using PCR methods is easy and essential for the conclusive identification of VRE.
Insights
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are significant nosocomial pathogens. Detecting VRE resistance genes via PCR is essential for accurate identification and clinical management.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Diagnostics
Context:
- Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are a major cause of hospital-acquired infections globally.
- VRE infections primarily affect immunocompromised patients and those undergoing antimicrobial therapy.
- VRE strains are classified into six types based on resistance genes, with VanA and VanB types being clinically significant.
Purpose:
- To highlight the clinical importance of VanA and VanB type VRE.
- To discuss the utility of susceptibility testing for differentiating VanA and VanB types.
- To emphasize the necessity of PCR for definitive VRE identification.
Summary:
- VRE poses a significant threat in healthcare settings worldwide.
- Phenotypic screening using vancomycin (VCM) and teicoplanin (TEIC) aids in differentiating VanA and VanB VRE types.
- Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) offers a straightforward and crucial method for confirming VRE resistance gene detection.
Impact:
- Improved diagnostic strategies for VRE infections.
- Enhanced understanding of VRE epidemiology and resistance mechanisms.
- Facilitation of targeted antimicrobial therapy and infection control measures.