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Experimentally produced calf pneumonia.

R N Gourlay, C J Howard, L H Thomas

    Research in Veterinary Science
    |March 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Tylosin tartrate prevented experimental pneumonia in calves, indicating susceptibility of causative agents. Residual pneumonia after ampicillin treatment suggests involvement of Mycoplasma dispar and ureaplasmas.

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Medicine
    • Bacteriology
    • Animal Pathology

    Background:

    • Bovine pneumonia poses significant economic challenges in the livestock industry.
    • Understanding the etiological agents of pneumonia is crucial for effective treatment and prevention strategies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the efficacy of ampicillin and tylosin tartrate in treating experimental calf pneumonia.
    • To identify potential causative agents of pneumonia not responsive to ampicillin.

    Main Methods:

    • Experimental pneumonia was induced in calves via endobronchial inoculation of lung homogenates.
    • Inoculates were treated with irradiation, ampicillin, or left untreated.
    • Calves were treated with ampicillin or tylosin tartrate.
    • Lesion severity was assessed, and microbial cultures were performed.

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    Main Results:

    • Irradiated homogenates resulted in minimal pneumonia.
    • Ampicillin treatment reduced pneumonia severity in both homogenates and calves.
    • Tylosin tartrate treatment completely prevented experimental pneumonia.
    • Mycoplasma dispar and ureaplasmas were identified as likely causes of residual pneumonia after ampicillin treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • The primary causative agents of experimental pneumonia are susceptible to tylosin tartrate.
    • Ampicillin-resistant organisms, specifically Mycoplasma dispar and ureaplasmas, contribute to residual pneumonia.
    • Tylosin tartrate demonstrates high efficacy in preventing and potentially treating bovine pneumonia.