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Solanum malacoxylon poisoning in pigs.

S H Done, C H Tokarina, K Dämmrich

    Research in Veterinary Science
    |March 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Pigs orally administered Solanum malacoxylon showed minimal lesions, unlike cattle and sheep, despite extensive bone pathological changes and slight soft tissue calcification. This suggests pigs have a higher tolerance to this plant

    Area of Science:

    • Veterinary Pathology
    • Toxicology
    • Animal Science

    Background:

    • Solanum malacoxylon is a toxic plant causing systemic calcification in livestock.
    • Previous studies have documented the effects of S. malacoxylon in cattle and sheep.
    • The toxicological effects of S. malacoxylon in pigs are less understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the pathological effects of oral Solanum malacoxylon administration in pigs.
    • To compare the susceptibility of pigs to S. malacoxylon-induced toxicity with that of cattle and sheep.

    Main Methods:

    • Four pigs were administered Solanum malacoxylon orally.
    • Clinical examinations were performed on the animals.
    • Post-mortem examinations, including macroscopic and microscopic analyses, were conducted.

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    Main Results:

    • Minimal macroscopic lesions were observed, except for a single calcified plaque in one pig's endocardium.
    • Microscopic examination revealed slight calcification of elastic fibers in soft tissues.
    • Extensive pathological changes were found in the bones, detailed in the study.
    • Pigs exhibited minimal lesions at doses causing significant systemic calcification in other species.

    Conclusions:

    • Pigs demonstrate a higher tolerance to Solanum malacoxylon compared to cattle and sheep.
    • Oral administration of S. malacoxylon in pigs leads to significant bone pathology despite minimal systemic calcification.
    • Further research is warranted to understand the mechanisms behind pigs' differential response to S. malacoxylon toxicity.