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Related Experiment Videos

Anemia and papilledema.

Valérie Biousse1, Janet C Rucker, Catherine Vignal

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. vbiouss@emory.edu

American Journal of Ophthalmology
|March 26, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Anemia may contribute to increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and papilledema. Prompt anemia treatment significantly improved symptoms in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), suggesting a crucial link.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a condition characterized by elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) without a clear cause.
  • Anemia, particularly iron deficiency anemia, is a common condition with diverse clinical manifestations.

Observation:

  • This study investigated the potential relationship between anemia and raised ICP in a series of patients presenting with papilledema.
  • Case series and literature review included patients with documented papilledema, normal neuroimaging (excluding space-occupying lesions), and anemia.

Findings:

  • Five women and one man with IIH presented with severe iron deficiency anemia, papilledema, and associated retinal findings.
  • Anemia was discovered concurrently with ocular complaints in most patients.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Treatment of anemia led to dramatic improvement in symptoms and signs of raised ICP.

    • Implications:

    • Anemia may be an underrecognized factor contributing to the development of raised ICP and papilledema.
    • Screening for anemia with a complete blood count is recommended for patients with suspected or confirmed IIH, especially when typical risk factors are absent or treatment is ineffective.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms, while cerebral venous thrombosis must be carefully excluded.