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Parotid gland involvement in advanced AIDS.

P A Vargas1, T Mauad, G M Böhm

  • 1Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Odontology of Pieracicaba-University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil. pavargas@fop.unicamb.br

Oral Diseases
|March 27, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Parotid gland alterations, including infections and lesions, are common in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). These findings highlight the need for clinicians to consider parotid gland involvement in advanced AIDS cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Pathology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is associated with various opportunistic infections and neoplastic conditions.
  • Salivary gland involvement, particularly in the parotid glands, can occur in individuals with advanced HIV infection.
  • Previous literature has underestimated the frequency of parotid gland alterations in AIDS patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and types of histological alterations in the parotid glands of patients who died with AIDS.
  • To document specific infectious agents and neoplastic lesions affecting the parotid glands in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of parotid gland histology from 100 deceased AIDS patients.
  • Review of clinical data including age, sex, and CD4 cell count.

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  • Histological examination using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), Gomori-Grocott, Ziehl-Neelsen, and Mucicarmine stains.

    • Main Results:

    • Histological alterations were identified in 51% of the parotid glands examined.
    • Non-specific chronic sialadenitis was the most frequent finding (29 cases).
    • Infectious conditions were present in 22 cases, with mycobacteriosis (10 cases) and cytomegalovirus (9 cases) being most common. Other findings included lymphoepithelial cysts (6 cases) and rare neoplasms.

    Conclusions:

    • Parotid gland infections and lesions are more prevalent in AIDS patients than previously reported.
    • These findings underscore the importance of considering parotid gland pathology in the comprehensive evaluation of advanced AIDS.
    • Early recognition of parotid gland involvement may aid in disease management and staging.