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Changes in biologically active ultraviolet radiation reaching the Earth's surface.

Richard L McKenzie1, Lars Olof Björn, Alkiviadis Bais

  • 1National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, NIWA Lauder, PB 50061 Omakau, Central Otago, New Zealand. r.mckenzie@niwa.co.nz

Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences : Official Journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology
|March 28, 2003
PubMed
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UV-B radiation levels are influenced by ozone, aerosols, and clouds, with ongoing research into climate change interactions. Ozone recovery is delayed by increasing bromine and potential global warming impacts.

Area of Science:

  • Atmospheric science
  • Environmental science
  • Ozone layer research

Background:

  • Continued expansion of UV-B radiation literature since the 1998 UNEP Assessment.
  • Established inverse relationship between column ozone and UV radiation, with observed increases linked to ozone depletion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in UV-B radiation measurement and modeling.
  • To assess the impact of aerosols, clouds, and ozone on UV radiation variability.
  • To explore interactions between climate change and ozone depletion.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of ground-based and satellite UV measurements.
  • Radiative transfer modeling for characterizing atmospheric and surface effects.
  • Inferring historical UV radiation using ozone and solar radiation data.

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Main Results:

  • Improvements in ground-based UV measurements and radiative transfer modeling.
  • Increased use of satellite data for UV variability and trend assessment.
  • Anthropogenic aerosols significantly attenuate UV irradiance, impacting satellite retrieval accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • Ozone layer remains vulnerable due to high halogen concentrations and potential volcanic impacts.
  • Climate change interactions, including greenhouse gas effects and cloud changes, may delay ozone recovery.
  • UV-B recovery will be delayed due to its higher variability compared to ozone.