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Related Concept Videos

Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
Diabetes Insipidus I: Introduction01:29

Diabetes Insipidus I: Introduction

Definition Diabetes insipidus is a disorder marked by the production of large amounts of dilute urine because of impaired vasopressin production, release, or kidney response. The lack of effective vasopressin action limits water reabsorption in the renal collecting ducts, which leads to excessive urinary water loss and intense thirst.Clinical PresentationIndividuals with diabetes insipidus report persistent thirst and very high urine output. In severe cases, fluid intake can reach up to 20...
Diabetes Insipidus II: Pathophysiology01:22

Diabetes Insipidus II: Pathophysiology

Normally, water balance is maintained through three interconnected mechanisms: the hypothalamic thirst center, the synthesis and release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH, or vasopressin), and the kidneys' responsiveness to this hormone. ADH is synthesized in the hypothalamus, released from the posterior pituitary, and acts on the distal nephron, allowing water reabsorption and concentrated urine production.Diabetes Insipidus and Its TypesIn diabetes insipidus (DI), this regulatory system is...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction01:26

Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction

Cushing syndrome refers to the collection of clinical manifestations that arise when tissues are exposed to excessive amounts of cortisol or cortisol-like medications over an extended period. Cortisol, a glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex, regulates metabolism, immune responses, and the body’s adaptation to stress. When its concentration remains chronically elevated, these physiological pathways become dysregulated, resulting in the characteristic features of the syndrome.Exogenous...
Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology01:19

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features of the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 26, 2026

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis
10:52

Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis

Published on: December 17, 2010

[Itsenko-Cusing syndrome in hypohyseal adenoma].

E Bozadzhieva, E Platonova, L Diankov

    Vutreshni Bolesti
    |January 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Telegammatherapy effectively treated Icenko-Cushing syndrome caused by pituitary adenoma. This endocrine disorder treatment reversed physical and hormonal abnormalities, including osteoporosis.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Oncology
    • Radiology

    Background:

    • Icenko-Cushing syndrome is a rare endocrine disorder often caused by pituitary adenomas.
    • Pituitary adenomas can lead to excess cortisol production, causing significant health complications.

    Observation:

    • A patient presented with Icenko-Cushing syndrome secondary to a pituitary adenoma.
    • The case was managed at the Institute of Endocrinology, Gerontology, and Geriatry.

    Findings:

    • One year of telegammatherapy (4760 rads) resulted in complete regression of Cushing syndrome manifestations.
    • Treatment normalized fat redistribution, facial appearance, hair and nail health, and cortisol levels.
    • Osteoporosis severity decreased, and pathological fractures consolidated.
    • Blood pressure normalized to 140/90 without hypotensive medication.

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    Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice
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    Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice

    Published on: December 17, 2010

    Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
    07:43

    Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

    Published on: January 17, 2018

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 26, 2026

    Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis
    10:52

    Preparation of Mouse Pituitary Immunogen for the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis

    Published on: December 17, 2010

    Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice
    10:38

    Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice

    Published on: December 17, 2010

    Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
    07:43

    Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

    Published on: January 17, 2018

    Implications:

    • Telegammatherapy is a viable and effective treatment for pituitary adenoma-induced Icenko-Cushing syndrome.
    • Successful treatment can reverse debilitating symptoms and improve bone health.
    • This case highlights the importance of multidisciplinary care in managing complex endocrine disorders.