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Related Experiment Videos

How should gynaecomastia be managed?

Ian R Daniels1, Graham T Layer

  • 1St Peter's Breast Centre, St Peter's Hospital, Surrey, UK. irdaniels@dorkingrh4.freeserve.co.uk

ANZ Journal of Surgery
|March 29, 2003
PubMed
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This study reviewed 175 men with presumed gynecomastia, finding breast cancer in 8 cases. Management included reassurance, danazol treatment, or surgery for resistant cases, with danazol showing 81% effectiveness.

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Gynecomastia, or male breast enlargement, is a common referral to breast clinics.
  • Distinguishing true gynecomastia from other breast conditions is crucial for appropriate management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the management of men presenting with presumed gynecomastia.
  • To analyze diagnostic methods and treatment outcomes for male breast conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 175 male patients over 16 years presenting with breast enlargement or lumps.
  • Comprehensive biochemical assessment, mammography, ultrasound, and fine-needle biopsy when indicated.

Main Results:

  • Eight cases of breast carcinoma were diagnosed among the 175 patients.

Related Experiment Videos

  • True gynecomastia was confirmed in 127 men; other diagnoses included pseudogynecomastia and physiological changes.
  • Potential causes identified included adverse drug reactions (47 patients), alcohol (7), and testicular malignancy (4).
  • Danazol treatment was effective in 81% of cases, with surgery reserved for resistant cases.

    • Conclusions:

    • Clinical assessment is vital to exclude diagnoses other than gynecomastia in men presenting to breast clinics.
    • Non-invasive investigations and examination can manage true gynecomastia, with many patients reassured.
    • Danazol is a successful treatment option for many, while surgery is indicated for refractory cases.