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Related Experiment Videos

Thyroid dysfunction in patients with type 1 diabetes: a longitudinal study.

Guillermo E Umpierrez1, Kashif A Latif, Mary Beth Murphy

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA. gumpierrez@utmem.edu

Diabetes Care
|March 29, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Type 1 diabetes patients have a higher risk of thyroid dysfunction. Annual screening for thyroid dysfunction, especially in those with positive thyroid peroxidase antibodies, is recommended.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Diabetes Mellitus Research
  • Thyroidology

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes is associated with a 2-3 fold increased risk of thyroid dysfunction compared to the general population.
  • Longitudinal data on the natural history of thyroid dysfunction in type 1 diabetes patients is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence and natural history of thyroid dysfunction in a cohort of type 1 diabetes patients over an 18-year period.
  • To identify risk factors for developing thyroid dysfunction in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective follow-up of 58 type 1 diabetes patients for 18 years.
  • Annual thyroid function tests (TSH, thyroxine, triiodothyronine) and TPO antibody measurements every 4 years.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • 18 patients developed hypothyroidism; one experienced transient hyperthyroidism.
  • Hypothyroidism was more prevalent in females and patients with positive TPO antibodies (17.91 times higher risk).
  • No significant differences in BMI, lipid profile, or HbA1c were observed between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Confirms the link between autoimmune thyroid disease and type 1 diabetes.
  • Recommends annual TSH screening for all type 1 diabetes patients to detect asymptomatic thyroid dysfunction.
  • Highlights the importance of screening for patients with positive TPO antibodies.