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Pediatric eczema includes atopic eczema in early childhood and contact dermatitis at age six. Common triggers for allergic contact dermatitis in children include drugs, plastics, and clothing.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Dermatology
- Allergology
- Dermatology
Context:
- Eczema is a common skin condition in children, with distinct presentations and triggers based on age.
- Atopic eczema typically appears in early childhood, while contact dermatitis is more frequently diagnosed around age six.
- Understanding the differences in etiology and presentation is crucial for effective pediatric dermatological care.
Purpose:
- To analyze the frequency and etiological differences between atopic eczema and contact dermatitis in children.
- To identify common allergens and triggers for different types of eczema in pediatric patients.
- To evaluate the diagnostic utility of patch tests in identifying causative agents for contact dermatitis.
Summary:
- This study reviewed 37 cases of pediatric eczema over three years, differentiating between atopic eczema and contact dermatitis.
- Ortho-ergic (irritant) dermatitis (10 cases) predominated in younger children, triggered by irritants like drugs and synthetic clothing.
- Allergic contact dermatitis (27 cases) was more common at age six, with identified allergens including drugs (sulfonamides, antibiotics), plastics, paraphenylenediamine, detergents, and wild plants.
- Patch testing in 27 cases of atopic dermatitis revealed positive results in 12, with plastic materials, drugs, and wild plants as frequent allergens, particularly in drug-induced dermatitis.
- A second group of 15 cases showed doubtful results, with drugs and clothing (especially footwear) as common culprits.
Impact:
- Provides valuable data on the prevalence and specific triggers of different eczema types in children.
- Highlights the importance of age-specific diagnosis and targeted allergen identification in pediatric dermatology.
- Informs clinical practice for managing childhood eczema and preventing exposure to common sensitizing agents.
Abstract:
After reviewing the frequency differences between the two great eczema varieties in child, in which atopic eczema develops in early childhood and contact dermatitis at age six, this work includes a total of 37 cases of atopic dermatitis observed within a period of three years in a "Pediatric Dermatology Service". Orto-ergic dermatitis (10 cases): Predominance in small children. Provoked by irritating drugs, hygiene products and synthetic clothing. Allergic dermatitis (27 cases): Most frequent at age six. Due to various sensitizing agents, drugs, sulphamids, antibiotics, phenotiazins, clothing, detergent and wild plants. There was a total of 27 cases of atopic dermatitis, divided in two groups in order to facilitate the diagnosis with patch tests. The first group included a total of 12 positives; the most common allergens were plastic materials, drugs, paraphenilendiamine and wild plants. Most of the group corresponded to drug induced dermatitis. A total of 15 cases were considered in the second group yielding doubtful results. In this group and causative agents most commonly involved were drugs and clothing (mainly shoewear).