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Related Experiment Videos

Postmortem oxycodone and hydrocodone blood concentrations.

Henry A Spiller1

  • 1Kentucky Regional Poison Center, Louisville, KY 40232-5070, USA. henry.spiller@nortonhealthcare.org

Journal of Forensic Sciences
|April 1, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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This study found lower postmortem oxycodone blood concentrations in fatalities than previously reported. It analyzed 88 cases, providing new data on opioid toxicity and contributing to forensic toxicology knowledge.

Area of Science:

  • Forensic Toxicology
  • Clinical Chemistry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Limited data exists on postmortem oxycodone concentrations.
  • Previous reports involved small sample sizes, often with polypharmacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine postmortem blood concentrations of oxycodone and hydrocodone associated with fatalities.
  • To expand the understanding of opioid toxicity in forensic cases.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of autopsy and coroner's reports from 10 counties (2000-2001).
  • Inclusion criteria: oxycodone or hydrocodone as a leading cause of death.
  • Analysis of 88 cases involving single or combined opioid exposure, or polysubstance overdoses.

Main Results:

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  • Twenty-four deaths attributed to oxycodone alone (mean 1.23 mg/L, median 0.43 mg/L).
  • Seventeen deaths attributed to hydrocodone alone (mean 0.53 mg/L, median 0.40 mg/L).
  • Cases involving other drugs/ethanol showed lower mean opioid concentrations.

Conclusions:

  • This study reports lower oxycodone fatality values than previously documented.
  • Hydrocodone fatality values were consistent with prior research.
  • Findings contribute valuable data to forensic interpretation of opioid concentrations.