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[Follicular penetration. An important pathway for topically applied substances]
J Lademann1, N Otberg, H Richter
1Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Medizinische Fakultät Charité, Berlin. jürgen.lademann@charite.de
Summary
Understanding skin penetration is key for topical products. Recent research highlights the significant role of hair follicles in this process, explaining why some follicles are accessible and others are not.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Pharmacokinetics
- Cosmetic Science
Background:
- Topical drug and cosmetic development relies on understanding skin penetration pathways.
- Historically, stratum corneum lipid domains were considered the primary route for skin penetration.
- Emerging evidence indicates skin appendages, particularly hair follicles, are crucial for topical substance entry.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the role of skin appendages in topical substance penetration.
- To investigate the phenomenon of open versus closed hair follicles in the context of skin penetration.
- To provide a basis for optimizing topical formulations.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on skin penetration mechanisms.
- Analysis of factors influencing follicular penetration.
- Discussion of open and closed hair follicle characteristics.
Main Results:
- Skin appendages, especially hair follicles, are significant pathways for topical penetration.
- Not all hair follicles are equally accessible to topically applied substances.
- The state of the hair follicle (open or closed) influences penetration.
Conclusions:
- Hair follicles represent a critical, yet variable, route for skin penetration.
- Understanding follicular dynamics is essential for effective topical delivery.
- Further research into open and closed follicle mechanisms can optimize product efficacy.