Anterior resection for adenocarcinoma. Lahey Clinic experience from 1963 through 1969

The results of anterior resection for adenocarcinoma of the rectum and rectosigmoid are reported with respect to survival rates and complications. Anastomotic recurrence is related to low lying, ulcerated, and less well differentiated tumors that have penetrated the bowel wall. The incidence of recurrent disease at the anastomosis increases with decreases in the margin of resection. Distal margins of at least 6 cm offer significant protection from recurrence. This study shows that anastomotic septic and fistulous complications are related to advanced age, diabetes, anemia, atherosclerotic disease, construction of the anastomosis below the peritoneal reflection, perforated bowel, obstructed bowel, and the use of drains. The determination of those factors that correlate with the development of anastomotic complications can be accomplished with pre- and intraoperative examinations. The role of these factors in operative decision-making and patient management is emphasized.