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Related Experiment Videos

The endomembrane requirement for cell surface repair.

Paul L McNeil1, Katsuya Miyake, Steven S Vogel

  • 1Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA. pmcneil@mail.mcg.edu

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|April 4, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Rapid cell membrane repair is crucial for survival. This study shows that endomembranes are essential for quick plasma membrane resealing, a process not explained by simple physics alone.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Membrane Biophysics
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Cell survival depends on the rapid resealing of plasma membrane disruptions.
  • Intracellular membranes, or endomembranes, are hypothesized to be critical for this rapid resealing process.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To directly compare the membrane resealing capabilities of cells with and without endomembranes.
  • To investigate the role of endomembrane in rapid plasma membrane repair.

Main Methods:

  • Laser-induced plasma membrane disruptions were created using a mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser.
  • Resealing responses were compared between red blood cells (lacking endomembranes) and nucleated cells (sea urchin eggs, fibroblasts, neurons) with abundant endomembranes.
  • Calcium ion (Ca2+) dependence of resealing was assessed.
Keywords:
NASA Discipline Cell BiologyNon-NASA Center

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Main Results:

  • Red blood cells exhibited a failure to rapidly reseal even small membrane disruptions.
  • Nucleated cells demonstrated rapid, Ca(2+)-dependent resealing of significantly larger laser-induced membrane disruptions.
  • The size of the disruption did not solely determine the resealing capacity.

Conclusions:

  • Rapid plasma membrane resealing is not governed by basic physicochemical principles.
  • The presence of an endomembrane compartment is a prerequisite for efficient and rapid cell membrane repair.
  • Endomembrane trafficking is likely a key mechanism underlying rapid plasma membrane resealing.