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Utility of TICS-M for the assessment of cognitive function in older adults
Celeste A de Jager1, Marc M Budge, Robert Clarke
1Oxford Project to Investigate Memory and Ageing and University Department of Pharmacology, Oxford, UK. celest.de-jager@pharm.ox.ac.uk
Background:
Routine screening of high-risk elderly people for early cognitive impairment is constrained by the limitations of currently available cognitive function tests. The Telephone Interview of Cognitive Status is a novel instrument for assessment of cognitive function that can be administered in person or by telephone.
Objective:
To evaluate the determinants and utility of TICS-M (13-item modified version) for assessment of cognitive function in healthy elderly people.
Methods:
The utility of TICS-M was compared with more widely used MMSE and CAMCOG in a cross-sectional survey of 120 older (62 to 89 years) UK adults.
Results:
The TICS-M cognitive test scores (27.97, SD 4.15) were normally distributed in contrast with those for MMSE and CAMCOG that had a negatively skewed distribution. TICS-M scores were inversely correlated with age (r = -0.21) and with the NART fullscale IQ (r = -0.35), but were independent of years of education in this cohort. TICS-M was highly correlated with MMSE (r = 0.57) and with CAMCOG (r = 0.62) scores. The time required to complete the test is comparable to MMSE and substantially less than CAMCOG.
Conclusions:
The normal distribution of TICS-M test scores suggest that this test is less constrained by the ceiling effect which limits the utility of MMSE and CAMCOG test scores in detecting early cognitive impairment. TICS-M is an appropriate instrument to assess cognitive function in both research and in clinical practice.