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Published on: August 2, 2017
Effect of the 100-g oral glucose tolerance test on fetal acid-base balance
Amir Weissman1, Lior Lowenstein, Arie Drugan
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
Objective:
Previous studies have shown that maternal hyperglycemia may lead to fetal hypoxia and acidosis. The aim of the present study was to examine the impact of an oral 100-g glucose tolerance test on the fetal acid-base balance at mid-gestation.
Methods:
The study was conducted in healthy women who were scheduled for termination of pregnancy. The study group (n = 18) received an oral solution containing 100-g glucose and the control group (n = 18) received only water 1 h prior to termination of pregnancy. Termination of pregnancy was performed by fetal intracardiac injection of potassium chloride (KCl) and intraamniotic instillation of PGF2alpha. Acid-base variables were evaluated in the fetal blood and the amniotic fluid.
Results:
The glucose levels differed significantly between the study group and the control group with regard to maternal blood (127 +/- 28 versus 69 +/- 11 mg/dL, p < 0.001), fetal blood (128 +/- 24 versus 71 +/- 17 mg/dL, p < 0.001) and amniotic fluid (39 +/- 13 versus 28 +/- 5 mg/dL, p < 0.006). A linear relationship was found between maternal, fetal and amniotic fluid levels of glucose after maternal glucose ingestion. No significant changes were observed in the acid-base balance variables (pH, base excess, bicarbonate, lactate) in the fetal blood and the amniotic fluid of the study and control groups.
Conclusion:
The 100-g oral glucose tolerance test has no adverse effect on the fetal acid-base balance when glucose levels reach a peak 1 h after the test in normal pregnancies.
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