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Oil degradation in soil.

R L Raymond, J O Hudson, V W Jamison

    Applied and Environmental Microbiology
    |April 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Petroleum products added to soil showed significant biodegradation, with reductions ranging from 48.5 to 90.0%. While soil microbes increased, plant growth was inhibited by residual oils and oxidation products after nine months.

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    Area of Science:

    • Environmental Science
    • Soil Science
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Petroleum products are common soil contaminants.
    • Understanding their environmental fate and impact is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the environmental effects of selected petroleum products in field soils.
    • To assess the biodegradation rates and compositional changes of various oils.
    • To evaluate the impact on soil microorganisms and plant growth.

    Main Methods:

    • Field studies conducted at three geographically diverse locations over one year.
    • Application of six different petroleum products (crankcase oils, crude oils, fuel oils) to fertilized and unfertilized plots.
    • Analysis of oil concentration, composition (silica gel fractionation, gas chromatography), and presence of lead compounds.

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  • Monitoring of hydrocarbon-utilizing microorganisms and plant growth inhibition.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant oil concentration reduction (48.5–90.0%) across all locations and oil types.
    • Biodegradation rates did not exceed 2.4 m³/4 x 10³ m² per month.
    • Compositional changes indicated slower degradation of more polar compounds.
    • No significant oil or lead compound movement observed in water or leachate.
    • Increased hydrocarbon-utilizing microorganisms, sustained throughout the year.
    • Significant plant growth inhibition observed nine months post-application.

    Conclusions:

    • Selected petroleum products undergo significant biodegradation in field soils.
    • While microbial populations increase, residual oils and their oxidation products can inhibit plant growth.
    • Further research is needed to identify inhibitory compounds and their long-term environmental effects.