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Negative self-efficacy and goal effects revisited
Albert Bandura1, Edwin A Locke
1Department of Psychology, Stanford University, California 94305-2130, USA. bandura@psych.stanford.edu
The Journal of Applied Psychology
|April 5, 2003
Summary
Self-efficacy beliefs and personal goals boost motivation and performance. This research validates social cognitive theory
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Social Cognitive Theory
- Self-Regulation
Background:
- Examines self-efficacy beliefs and goal systems within social cognitive theory.
- Contrasts this with control theory's focus on discrepancy reduction.
- Social cognitive theory emphasizes proactive goal adoption and reactive achievement.
Discussion:
- Synthesizes evidence on self-efficacy and goal setting.
- Addresses conflicting findings regarding self-efficacy's impact.
- Highlights the interplay between beliefs, goals, motivation, and performance.
Key Insights:
- Perceived self-efficacy and personal goals demonstrably enhance motivation.
- Converging evidence supports social cognitive theory's tenets.
- Meta-analyses confirm positive effect sizes for self-efficacy.
Outlook:
- Further research into the mechanisms of self-regulation.
- Exploring applications of self-efficacy in diverse domains.
- Refining theoretical models of motivation and goal pursuit.