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Angiotensin receptors: form and function and distribution.

Walter G Thomas1, Frederick A O Mendelsohn

  • 1Baker Heart Research Institute, University of Melbourne, P.O. Box 6492, St. Kilda Road Central, Melbourne 8008, Vic., Australia. walter.thomas@baker.edu.au

The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
|April 5, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Angiotensin II and its fragments, like angiotensin IV, interact with specific receptors and enzymes such as insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP). Understanding these interactions opens new therapeutic avenues for diverse angiotensin peptide actions.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Angiotensin II is a peptide hormone acting through AT(1) and AT(2) receptors.
  • Proteolytic fragments of angiotensin II possess biological activity, potentially mimicking or opposing angiotensin II.
  • Angiotensin IV, a fragment of angiotensin II, binds with high affinity to insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the distinct receptor systems for angiotensin peptides and their fragments.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting these diverse angiotensin-related actions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on angiotensin II, its fragments, and their associated receptors.
  • Identification of the insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP) as a high-affinity binding site for angiotensin IV.

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Main Results:

  • Angiotensin II primarily signals through AT(1) and AT(2) G protein-coupled receptors.
  • Angiotensin IV has been identified as binding to IRAP, a distinct biological target.
  • The existence of separate receptor systems for angiotensin fragments is highlighted.

Conclusions:

  • The well-characterized AT(1) and AT(2) receptors are crucial in various health and disease states.
  • The identification of IRAP for angiotensin IV suggests novel therapeutic targets.
  • Targeting diverse angiotensin peptide actions through separate receptor systems offers promising therapeutic possibilities.