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Acute orbital cellulitis.

E C Watters, P H Wallar, D A Hiles

    Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)
    |May 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Hospital admissions for acute orbital cellulitis are rising, often linked to paranasal sinusitis. Early intravenous antibiotics like ampicillin and methicillin effectively treated patients, preventing complications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Pediatrics
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Acute orbital cellulitis is a serious infection requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment.
    • Recent trends indicate an increasing frequency of hospital admissions for this condition.
    • Paranasal sinus involvement is frequently observed in patients with orbital cellulitis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review recent trends in acute orbital cellulitis admissions.
    • To identify causative pathogens and risk factors.
    • To evaluate the efficacy of current treatment regimens.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of 104 patients admitted with acute orbital cellulitis over a decade.
    • Analysis of clinical data, roentgenograms, and microbiological cultures.

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  • Assessment of treatment protocols and patient outcomes.

    • Main Results:

    • Hospital admissions for acute orbital cellulitis have increased.
    • Paranasal sinusitis was present in 77 of 91 patients evaluated.
    • Haemophilus influenzae and Diplococcus pneumoniae were common blood isolates; 4 children had H. influenzae meningitis.
    • Bacteremia occurred in 29% of patients, more frequent in those with extensive orbital involvement, younger than 2 years, or not on antibiotics at culture.
    • Intravenous ampicillin sodium and methicillin sodium effectively resolved infections without complications.

    Conclusions:

    • Acute orbital cellulitis admissions are increasing, often associated with sinusitis.
    • Prompt identification of bacteremia and causative pathogens is crucial.
    • Aggressive intravenous antibiotic therapy, including ampicillin and methicillin, is highly effective in preventing severe complications.