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Related Experiment Videos

Thyroid hemiagenesis: prevalence in normal children and effect on thyroid function.

Raffaella Maiorana1, Anna Carta, Giuseppina Floriddia

  • 1Endocrinologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialistica dell'Università di Catania, Ospedale Garibaldi, 95125 Catania, Italy.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|April 8, 2003
PubMed
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Thyroid hemiagenesis, a rare condition affecting thyroid development, was found in 0.05% of schoolchildren. Most cases involve the left lobe, and while thyroid function is often normal, elevated TSH suggests a risk for goiter and hypothyroidism.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Thyroid hemiagenesis is a congenital anomaly where one lobe of the thyroid gland fails to develop.
  • Its prevalence and clinical implications, especially in children, require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of thyroid hemiagenesis in a large cohort of schoolchildren.
  • To investigate the characteristics of thyroid hemiagenesis, including lobe involvement, volume, and functional status.
  • To assess the potential long-term risks associated with this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Neck ultrasound examinations were performed on 24,032 unselected schoolchildren aged 11-14 years.
  • Thyroid function tests, including thyroid hormones and TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone), were evaluated.

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  • Thyroid volume and lobe characteristics were assessed in identified cases.

    • Main Results:

    • Thyroid hemiagenesis was identified in 12 children, yielding a prevalence of 0.05%.
    • The condition was predominantly associated with the absence or severe hypoplasia of the left thyroid lobe.
    • While basal thyroid function tests were normal, children with hemiagenesis exhibited significantly higher average TSH levels compared to controls.

    Conclusions:

    • Thyroid hemiagenesis is a rare condition, typically affecting the left lobe, with a prevalence comparable to thyroid agenesis and ectopia.
    • Compensatory hypertrophy of the remaining lobe can occur due to TSH overstimulation.
    • Systematic follow-up is recommended due to the increased risk of goiter and hypothyroidism.