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Novel cardiovascular risk factors.
1Kent State University College of Nursing, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Section of Preventive Cardiology and Rehabilitation, USA. suzyhug@aol.com
The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing
|April 12, 2003
Summary
Emerging risk factors like lipoprotein(a) and C-reactive protein may contribute to atherothrombosis. Clinicians must critically review evidence to advise patients on cardiovascular disease prevention.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Vascular Biology
- Preventive Medicine
Background:
- Established cardiovascular risk factors include high cholesterol, hypertension, and smoking.
- Atherothrombosis development and progression involve multiple suspected additional factors.
- Clinicians need a framework to evaluate emerging risk factors for patient advice.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current evidence on novel or emerging risk factors for atherothrombosis.
- To provide recommendations for clinicians regarding these emerging risk factors.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of research findings on specific emerging risk factors.
- Analysis of current evidence and clinical recommendations.
Main Results:
- Lipoprotein(a) is an emerging risk factor.
- Hyperhomocysteinemia is an emerging risk factor.
- C-reactive protein, infectious processes, fibrinogen, and microalbuminuria are emerging risk factors.
Conclusions:
- Emerging risk factors require critical evaluation by clinicians.
- Evidence-based advice on novel risk factors is crucial for cardiovascular disease prevention and management.