Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 11, 2026
06:40
Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies
Published on: January 11, 2019
Neuropathological findings in Sneddon's syndrome
David A Hilton1, David Footitt
1Department of Histopathology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, UK. david.hilton@phnt.swest.nhs.uk
Neurology
|April 12, 2003
Summary
Sneddon's syndrome involves small brain infarcts caused by noninflammatory arteriopathy. This condition affects superficial cerebral vessels, leading to arterial occlusion and potential thrombi.
Area of Science:
- Neuropathology
- Vascular Neurology
Background:
- Sneddon's syndrome is a rare condition characterized by recurrent ischemic strokes and livedo reticularis.
- The underlying pathophysiology remains incompletely understood, necessitating detailed neuropathologic examination.
Observation:
- Neuropathologic examination revealed multiple small infarcts, primarily in the cerebral cortex.
- Superficial white matter, cortex, and leptomeninges showed focal hyperplasia and fibrotic occlusion of arterial vessels.
- Arterial thrombi were infrequently observed.
Findings:
- The observed vascular changes indicate a noninflammatory arteriopathy affecting superficial cerebral arteries.
- These findings correlate with the clinical presentation of ischemic events in Sneddon's syndrome.
Implications:
- This study supports the hypothesis that Sneddon's syndrome results from a primary vascular disease of small cerebral arteries.
- Understanding the arteriopathy is crucial for developing targeted therapeutic strategies.
- Further research into the etiology of this noninflammatory arteriopathy is warranted.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:37Neural Regulation
Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
01:22Diabetic Neuropathy
DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
01:23Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology
Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal...
01:24Parkinson Disease ll: Pathophysiology
Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting movement, with additional non-motor features. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and cellular dysfunction, including dopaminergic neuron loss, protein aggregation, and mitochondrial impairment.Selective NeurodegenerationA key feature is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to reduced...