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Complex mitochondrial DNA in animal thyroids. A comparative study.

L Matsumoto, L Pikó, J Vinograd

    Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
    |May 19, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Thyroid mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in various animals shows low levels of circular dimers, with cows exhibiting a slightly higher frequency. High circular dimer levels in mtDNA may indicate abnormal cells.

    Area of Science:

    • Mitochondrial genetics
    • Molecular biology

    Background:

    • Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) exists in various forms, including circular dimers and catenanes.
    • The frequency of these forms can vary depending on tissue type and physiological state.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify the prevalence of circular dimers and catenanes in thyroid mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) across several mammalian species.
    • To compare mtDNA structures in normal thyroid tissue with those found in abnormal cellular conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation of mtDNA from fresh thyroid tissues using buoyant density centrifugation.
    • Analysis of mtDNA integrity and structure via electron microscopy.
    • Quantification of circular dimers and catenanes in isolated mtDNA samples.

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    Main Results:

    • Thyroid mtDNA from rabbits, mice, pigs, sheep, and cattle generally exhibited low frequencies of circular dimers (0.1–0.3%).
    • A significantly higher frequency of circular dimers was observed in one cow thyroid sample (0.6–0.9%).
    • Catenane frequencies showed minor, significant variability (2–8%) within normal limits across species.

    Conclusions:

    • Normal thyroid tissues possess a low content of circular mtDNA dimers.
    • Elevated circular dimer frequencies are characteristic of abnormal cells, including transformed cell lines and pathological tissues.