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Does stress influence early pregnancy loss?

Deborah B Nelson1, Jeane Ann Grisso, Marshall M Joffe

  • 1Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. dnelson@cceb.med.upenn.edu

Annals of Epidemiology
|April 10, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Psychosocial stress and cortisol levels do not appear to increase spontaneous abortion risk. However, high stress in pregnant women is linked to increased substance use, including cigarettes and marijuana.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Health
  • Psychoneuroendocrinology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Psychosocial stress is a known factor influencing health.
  • Understanding stress's impact on pregnancy outcomes is crucial for prenatal care.
  • Previous research suggests a link between stress and adverse pregnancy events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between psychosocial stress, cortisol levels, and spontaneous abortion risk.
  • To determine how stress influences health-related behaviors during pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 326 pregnant women were recruited and followed up to 22 weeks gestation.
  • Stress was assessed using validated scales (PSS, PSEI, ISA).
  • Biological samples measured cortisol, sex hormones, and substance use (cotinine, cocaine, marijuana).

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Main Results:

  • No significant relationship was found between psychosocial stress or cortisol levels and spontaneous abortion risk.
  • High stress, measured by PSEI, correlated with increased cigarette and marijuana use.
  • Psychosocial stress was not linked to spontaneous abortion but was associated with substance use.

Conclusions:

  • The current study found no clear evidence linking psychosocial stress or cortisol to spontaneous abortion.
  • High stress during early pregnancy may influence health behaviors, specifically substance use.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the complex relationship between stress and pregnancy outcomes.