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Emerging water-borne pathogens.

S Sharma1, P Sachdeva, J S Virdi

  • 1Microbial Pathogenicity Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, 110 021 New Delhi, India.

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
|April 10, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Emerging water-borne pathogens like Vibrio cholerae O139 and E. coli O157:H7 pose global health risks. This review examines new threats and strategies to combat waterborne illnesses.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental microbiology
  • Public health
  • Infectious diseases

Background:

  • Water-borne pathogens present a significant global health challenge.
  • Emergence of Vibrio cholerae O139 and Escherichia coli O157:H7 highlights evolving epidemiology.
  • Chlorine-resistant Cryptosporidium outbreaks necessitate reevaluation of water quality regulations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically examine emerging water-borne pathogens.
  • To investigate factors contributing to their emergence, including immunocompromised populations, urbanization, and gene transfer.
  • To discuss necessary measures for managing these emerging threats.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and critical analysis of scientific data.
  • Examination of epidemiological trends and outbreak reports.
  • Synthesis of information on pathogen characteristics and contributing factors.

Main Results:

  • Identification of diverse emerging water-borne pathogens including Vibrio cholerae O139, E. coli O157:H7, Cryptosporidium, hepatitis viruses, Campylobacter jejuni, and various bacteria.
  • Analysis of contributing factors such as increased immunocompromised individuals, urbanization, and horizontal gene transfer.
  • Discussion of the implications for water quality and public health.

Conclusions:

  • Emerging water-borne pathogens represent a growing concern requiring updated surveillance and control strategies.
  • Understanding the drivers of pathogen emergence is crucial for effective public health interventions.
  • Proactive measures are essential to mitigate the risks associated with novel and re-emerging water-borne diseases.

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