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Pediatric thoracic actinomycosis.

Jerome P Lee1, Raul Rudoy

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine, USA. lee_jerome@yahoo.com

Hawaii Medical Journal
|April 11, 2003
PubMed
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Pediatric thoracic actinomycosis, a rare infection, often presents as a mass with systemic symptoms. Long-term penicillin therapy leads to an excellent prognosis for children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Thoracic Surgery

Background:

  • Thoracic actinomycosis is a rare bacterial infection caused by Actinomyces species.
  • It can mimic other thoracic pathologies, posing diagnostic challenges.

Observation:

  • Two pediatric cases of thoracic actinomycosis are presented.
  • A literature review identified 46 additional cases over 25 years.
  • The average age of diagnosis was 10 years.

Findings:

  • The most frequent clinical presentation included a thoracic mass accompanied by weight loss, fever, and cough.
  • Actinomyces israelii was identified as the predominant causative pathogen.
  • Diagnosis was confirmed through microbiological and histopathological examination.

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Implications:

  • Early recognition and diagnosis are crucial for effective management.
  • Long-term antibiotic therapy, primarily with penicillin, is associated with favorable outcomes.
  • This review highlights the importance of considering actinomycosis in the differential diagnosis of pediatric thoracic masses.