Botulinum toxin treatment of urethral and bladder dysfunction
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Updated: Sep 26, 2026

Bladder Smooth Muscle Strip Contractility as a Method to Evaluate Lower Urinary Tract Pharmacology
Published on: August 18, 2014
Teruhiko Yokoyama1, Hiromi Kumon, Christopher P Smith
1Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama 700 8558, Japan. uroyoko@md.okayama-u.ac.jp
Abstract:
Tremendous excitement has been generated by the use of botulinum toxin for the treatment of various types of urethral and bladder dysfunction over the past several years. Botulinum toxin is the most lethal naturally occurring toxin known to mankind. Why, then, would an urologist want to use this agent to poison the bladder or urethral sphincter? In this review article we will examine the mechanisms underlying the effects of botulinum toxin treatment. We will discuss the current use of this agent within the urologic community and will provide perspectives on future targets of botulinum toxin.
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