Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Thoracic Outlet Syndromes.

Harold C. Urschel1, Amit Patel

  • 1Baylor University Medical Center.

Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine
|April 11, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thoracic outlet syndrome treatment varies by compressed structure, with first rib resection being a common surgical approach. Surgical outcomes depend on accurate diagnosis and tailored interventions for nerve, vein, or arterial compression.

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Acthar Gel treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, or dermatomyositis/polymyositis: analysis of physician-reported charts.

Journal of comparative effectiveness research·2026
Same author

Design of an integrated evidence-driven few-shot meta-learning for zero-day malware detection and forensic attributions.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

American Foregut Society Education Committee: Development Of The Advanced Foregut Fellowship Program for Gastroenterology Trainees.

Foregut (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)·2026
Same author

American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy standards for fellowship training in peroral endoscopic myotomy.

Gastrointestinal endoscopy·2026
Same author

Proton Pump Inhibitors Are More Cost-Effective Than Potassium Competitive Acid Blockers for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.

The American journal of gastroenterology·2026
Same author

Symptomatic Sarcoidosis Treated with Acthar<sup>®</sup> Gel: Insights from a Physician-Reported Chart Review.

Pulmonary therapy·2026
Same journal

An Update on the Role of Renal Artery Denervation in the Treatment of Hypertension.

Current treatment options in cardiovascular medicine·2026
Same journal

Advancements and Challenges in Contemporizing Care for Adult Patients with Congenital Heart Disease and Advanced Heart Failure: An Update on Application of Modern Heart Failure Technologies.

Current treatment options in cardiovascular medicine·2026
Same journal

Evolving Decongestion Strategies in the Management of Acute Heart Failure.

Current treatment options in cardiovascular medicine·2025
Same journal

Advanced Electroanatomic Mapping: Current and Emerging Approaches.

Current treatment options in cardiovascular medicine·2025
Same journal

Metabolic Reprogramming in Heart Failure: From Energy Starvation to Therapeutic Targets.

Current treatment options in cardiovascular medicine·2025
Same journal

Drug-Coated Balloons for Coronary Artery Disease: From Theory to Practice.

Current treatment options in cardiovascular medicine·2025
See all related articles

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) presents with diverse clinical manifestations based on the compressed anatomical structure: axillary-subclavian artery, vein, brachial plexus, or sympathetic nerves.
  • Compressive forces in the thoracic outlet often involve the first rib, making its removal a primary therapeutic strategy.
  • TOS can manifest as isolated or mixed compression syndromes, necessitating varied treatment approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the clinical presentations and therapeutic strategies for various thoracic outlet syndromes.
  • To detail surgical approaches for different TOS subtypes, including nerve, venous, and arterial involvement.
  • To discuss management of recurrent TOS and associated neurovascular compression.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Review of clinical presentations based on compressed anatomical structures (artery, vein, brachial plexus, sympathetic nerves).
  • Description of surgical interventions: transaxillary first rib resection, anterior scalenectomy, neurovascular decompression, dorsal sympathectomy, and supraclavicular approaches.
  • Discussion of treatment for Paget-Schroetter syndrome involving thrombolysis and surgical decompression.

Main Results:

  • Transaxillary first rib resection, anterior scalenectomy, and neurovascular decompression are optimal for severe brachial plexus compression.
  • Paget-Schroetter syndrome (axillary-subclavian vein occlusion) benefits from early diagnosis, thrombolysis, and surgical decompression.
  • Arterial TOS requires supraclavicular approaches for ligation, endarterectomy, or bypass grafting; sympathetic nerve compression is treated with dorsal sympathectomy.

Conclusions:

  • First rib resection is the gold standard for TOS therapy.
  • Tailored surgical approaches are crucial for managing diverse TOS presentations, from nerve compression to vascular occlusion and aneurysm.
  • Recurrent TOS may require posterior approaches with neurolysis and vascular release.