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Immunocorrection Therapy: Drugs and Prospects.
Vladimir P. Kuznetzov1, Dmitry L. Belyaev, Alla A. Babayantz
1Gamaleya Institute for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
Russian Journal of Immunology : RJI : Official Journal of Russian Society of Immunology
|April 11, 2003
Summary
This study categorizes immunocorrection drugs into six groups based on their action mechanisms. Substitutive immunomodulators are effective in advanced infections, requiring careful administration and monitoring.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Immunocorrection drugs are vital in clinical practice for modulating the immune system.
- Understanding drug mechanisms is crucial for effective therapeutic application.
- Existing classifications and applications require comprehensive analysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze and categorize basic immunocorrection drugs used in clinical settings.
- To elucidate the distinct mechanisms of action (inductive vs. substitutive).
- To identify optimal usage protocols and contraindications for immunomodulatory therapies.
Main Methods:
- Classification of immunocorrection drugs into six distinct groups based on their properties.
- Analysis of drug mechanisms: inductive (pathogen structures, polyelectrolytes, IFN-alpha inducers) and substitutive (thymic hormones, myelopeptides, cytokines).
- Review of clinical application guidelines, including course duration, monitoring parameters (clinical dynamics, immunogram, blood counts), and contraindications.
Main Results:
- Immunocorrection drugs are grouped into: pathogen structures, polyelectrolytes, IFN-alpha inducers, thymic hormones, myelopeptides, and cytokines.
- Inductive mechanisms characterize the first three groups; substitutive mechanisms characterize the latter three.
- Substitutive immunomodulators show preference in advanced infection stages.
- Leukinferon demonstrated high clinical efficacy in severe sepsis with polyorgan insufficiency.
Conclusions:
- Effective immunocorrection necessitates adequate treatment courses and monitoring of clinical and immunological parameters.
- Contraindications include organ transplantation, blood product transfusion, and early gestation.
- The study highlights the therapeutic potential of specific immunomodulators in critical conditions.