Prevention of nutritional deficiencies in the elderly

Nutrient needs of the elderly are unique and complex. Declining lean body mass and decreased physical activity levels reduce energy needs. At the same time, the need for certain nutrients is higher than for younger adults. To help guide us in addressing the nutrient needs of the elderly, new Dietary Reference Intakes have been set for adults over the age of 70. This paper reviews the most common nutritional concerns and deficiencies in our rapidly growing elderly population. All health professionals need to be aware of these deficiencies and their impact on quality of life. Nutritional deficiencies are often preventable and inexpensive to treat. This article reviews the needs for protein, vitamin D, calcium, vitamin B-12, folate, vitamin B-6, zinc, iron and antioxidants.