Advection of finite-size particles in open flows

It is known that small, spherical particles with inertia do not follow the local velocity field of the flow. Here we investigate the motion of such particles and particle ensembles immersed in open, unsteady flows which, in the case of ideal pointlike tracers, generate chaotic Lagrangian trajectories. Due to the extra force terms in the equations of motion (such as Stokes drag, added mass) the inertial tracer trajectories become described by a high-dimensional (2d+1, with d being the flow's dimension) chaotic dynamics, which can drastically differ from the (d+1)-dimensional ideal tracer dynamics. As a consequence, we find parameter regimes (in terms of density and size), where long-term tracer trapping can occur for the inertial particle, even for flows in which no ideal, pointlike passive tracers can be trapped. These studies are performed in a model of a two-dimensional channel flow past a cylindrical obstacle. Since the Lagrangian tracer dynamics is sensitive to the particle density and size parameters, a simple geometric setup in such flows could be used as a (low-density) particle mixture segregator.