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[Different approach in high-cardiovascular-risk women, compared to men: a multidisciplinary study-Spain]
Pedro Conthe Gutiérrez1, José María Lobos Bejarano, José Ramón González Juanatey
1Servicio de Medicina Interna. Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón. Madrid. Spain.
Insights
High-risk cardiovascular disease patients show different risk profiles between men and women. This study found women with cardiovascular risk factors received less guideline-recommended pharmacological treatment compared to men.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Internal Medicine
- Neurology
- Endocrinology
- Primary Care
Background:
- Cardiovascular (CV) high-risk patients may benefit from interventions.
- Understanding CV risk differences between genders is crucial for tailored treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate differences in CV risk characteristics between men and women.
- To assess disparities in the treatment of high-risk cardiovascular patients based on gender.
Main Methods:
- Data collected from 5,207 CV high-risk patients across multiple specialties.
- High-risk defined by coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, or diabetes with additional risk factors.
- Age-adjusted, multivariate analysis performed on recorded parameters including demographics, risk factors, and pharmacological treatment.
Main Results:
- 1,307 patients (56.1% men, 43.9% women) were identified as high-risk.
- Women with coronary heart disease received less antiplatelet and cholesterol-lowering therapy.
- Diabetic women with additional risk factors received less antiplatelet and lipid-lowering therapy, but more diuretics.
Conclusions:
- Women exhibit a distinct CV risk profile, characterized by higher rates of diabetes and lower smoking prevalence.
- A trend suggests high-risk women receive less pharmacological treatment compared to high-risk men.
- Gender-based differences in CV risk characteristics and treatment require further investigation and potential intervention.
Background And Objective:
There is a broad range of cardiovascular high-risk patients, who might benefit from general and pharmacological interventions. The aim of the study was to evaluate the differences in the characteristics of CV risk in women with respect to men, and if there are differences in the treatment between men and women.
Patients And Method:
We collected the data from CV high-risk patients from Cardiology, Internal Medicine, Neurology, Endocrinology and Primary Care. We considered high-risk patients those with coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, or diabetes plus one or more additional risk factor. Parameters recorded were age, gender, glucose, glycated haemoglobin, blood pressure, smoking habit, lipid profile, microalbuminuria, and pharmacological treatment. We performed an age-adjusted, multivariate analysis.
Results:
Out of 5,207 patients, 1,307 were considered as high risk (56.1% men and 43.9% women). The median age was 67.3 years (66.1 y men, 68.8 y women). In the coronary heart disease group, women received less antiplatelet therapy (69.4% vs 80.4%; OR = 1.592) and less cholesterol-lowering agents (despite higher prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, 52.8% vs 39.1%). In diabetics patients with additional risk factors, women received less antiplatelet therapy (42.9% vs 36.6%, OR = 1.486) and lipid-lowering therapy (53.5% vs 41.4%), and more diuretics (41.4% vs 26.5%; OR = 0.588).
Conclusions:
There is a different profile of CV risk in women, with more diabetes and less smoking habit. In this study, a trend to less treat high-risk women with respect to high-risk men is observed.