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[Dysfunctioning of the central grey nuclei]

J. Yelnik1

  • 1INSERM U289 - Pavillon Claude Bernard, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris.

Revue Neurologique
|April 12, 2003
PubMed
Summary

This review details the anatomical organization of the basal ganglia system and traces the evolution of functional models, from early convergent concepts to current parallel and dual-circuit theories.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroanatomy
  • Systems Neuroscience

Background:

  • The basal ganglia, or central grey nuclei, are crucial for motor control and learning.
  • Understanding their complex anatomical organization is key to deciphering their function.
  • Previous research has proposed various functional models, necessitating a review of their development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the basal ganglia's anatomical organization.
  • To trace the historical development of functional models for the basal ganglia.
  • To summarize recent advancements in basal ganglia functional modeling.

Main Methods:

  • Review of anatomical data including macroscopical, hodological, and cytological properties.
  • Examination of historical functional models of the basal ganglia proposed since the 1980s.
  • Synthesis of recent models developed from the 1990s onwards.

Main Results:

  • Detailed description of the basal ganglia's anatomical organization and convergent properties.
  • Chronological analysis of functional models: convergent (1984), parallel (1986), dual circuit (1989), and "current" (1990).
  • Summary of critiques of the "current" model and recent model developments.

Conclusions:

  • The evolution of basal ganglia models reflects increasing understanding of their complex circuitry.
  • Anatomical organization underpins the functional properties of the basal ganglia.
  • Continued research is refining our models of basal ganglia function.

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